Annotated checklist and distribution of the jewel beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) of Idaho
Luc Leblanc
University of Idaho, Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, 875 Perimeter Drive, MS 2329, Moscow, ID 83844-2329, USA
Emma L. Eakins
University of Idaho, Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, 875 Perimeter Drive, MS 2329, Moscow, ID 83844-2329, USA
Abstract
An annotated checklist of the 102 species of Buprestidae (Coleoptera) known to be present in the state of Idaho is provided, with photographs and detailed distribution maps for each species. The checklist is based on label data from 7,506 museum specimens, 21 observations obtained from iNaturalist.org and BugGuide.net, and 63 distribution records from published literature. Buprestis consularis Gory is a new record for Idaho, formerly reported as Buprestis nutalli Kirby, which is not known to occur in the state. Obscure past records of Anthaxia retifera LeConte and Melanophila occidentalis Obenberger published in the literature are regarded as dubious and are not confirmed by actual specimens. These species are therefore excluded from the checklist. Knowltonia calida (Knull) and Chrysobothris caurina Horn are also absent from Idaho, their previously published records based on misidentifications of K. biramosa Fisher and C. leechi Barr, respectively.
References
- Akers RC, Herms DA, Nielsen DG. 1986. Emergence and biology of Agrilus difficilis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), a pest of honeylocust, Gleditsia triacanthos. The Great Lakes Entomologist 19: 27–30.
- Anonymous. 1975. Cooperative Economic Insect Report 25(21): 403–432. Available at https://uidaho.on.worldcat.org/oclc/1565049 (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Aryal S. 2023. Abundance and distribution of two unevenly managed root-mining insects for the biological control of spotted knapweed in Idaho. Master’s Thesis. University of Idaho. Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology. xi + 160 p
- Barr WF. 1969a. The Buprestidae and Cleridae of the Nevada test site (Coleoptera). Great Basin Naturalist 29: 11–19.
- Barr WF. 1969b. New species of Chrysobothris from the Pacific Northwest (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 71: 117–132.
- Barr WF. 1969c. New species of Hippomelas and Acmaeodera from Western North America (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 42: 321–335.
- Barr WF. 1971. Family Buprestidae. p. 55–89. In: Hatch MH. Beetles of the Pacific Northwest, Part V. University of Washington Press; Seattle, WA. 662 p
- Barr WF. 1972. New synonymy and a change of name in North American Buprestis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 74: 343.
- Barr WF. 1974. New genera and species of North American Buprestidae (Coleoptera). Occasional Papers. Biological Society of Nevada 39: 1–13.
- Barr WF, Westcott RL. 1976. Taxonomic, biological and distributional notes of North American Chrysobothris, with the description of a new species from California (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 52: 138–153.
- Barter GW, Brown WJ. 1949. On the identity of Agrilus anxius Gory and some allied species (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). The Canadian Entomologist 81: 245–249.
- Beer FM. 1940. Notes on some Buprestidae of Southwestern Oregon (Coleoptera). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 16: 13–16.
- Beer FM. 1949. The rearing of Buprestidae and delayed emergence of their larvae. The Coleopterists Bulletin 3: 81–84.
- Beer FM. 1970. Notes and observations on the Buprestidae (Coleoptera). The Coleopterists Bulletin 24: 39–41.
- Bellamy CL. 1987. A revision of the genera Nanularia and Ampheremus (Coleoptera, Buprestidae). Contributions in Science, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History 387: 1–20.
- Bellamy CL. 2008. A world catalogue and bibliography of the jewel beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestoidea). Pensoft Series Faunistica No. 78. Pensoft Publishers; Sofia-Moscow. 3125 p. (in five volumes)
- Bílý S. 1997. World Catalogue of the Genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Folia Heyrovskyana. Supplement 2: 3–190.
- Bílý S. 2022. World Catalogue of the tribe Anthaxiini (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Jan Farkač; Prague. 260 p
- Bonap. 2025. The Biota of North America Program. North American Vascular Flora. Available at http://www.bonap.org/ (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Bright D. 1987. The metallic wood–boring beetles of Canada and Alaska. Coleoptera. Buprestidae. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada Part 15: 1–335.
- Burke HE. 1917. Notes on some western Buprestidae. Journal of Economic Entomology 10: 325–332.
- Burke HE. 1918. Biological notes on some flatheaded woodborers of the genus Buprestis. Journal of Economic Entomology 11: 334–338.
- Burke HE. 1919. Biological notes on some flatheaded barkborers of the genus Melanophila. Journal of Economic Entomology 12: 105–108.
- Callahan PM, Merickel FW, Cook SP, Fins L. 2008. First report of four beetle species (Coleoptera) (Podapion aallicola Riley (Brentidae), Cimberis turbans Hustache (Nemonychidae), Chrysobothris californica LeConte (Buprestidae) and Laricobius nigrinus Fender (Derodontidae)) in Idaho. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 84: 117–120.
- Campbell CL, McAffrey JP, Homan HW. 1987. Collection and redistribution of biological control agents of St. Johnswort. University of Idaho. College of Agriculture. Cooperative Extension Service. Current Information Series 798. 4 p Available at https://objects.lib.uidaho.edu/uiext/uiext29919.pdf (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Carlson RW, Knight FB. 1969. Biology, taxonomy, and evolution of four sympatric Agrilus beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 4(3). iv + 105 p
- Casey TL. 1909. Studies in the American Buprestidae. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Science 11: 47–178.
- Chamberlin WJ. 1922. A review of the genus Poecilonota as found in America north of Mexico (Coleoptera, family Buprestidae) with descriptions of new species. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 30: 2–66.
- Chamberlin WJ. 1925a. Notes on the Buprestidae of Oregon with descriptions of new species. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 32: 185–194.
- Chamberlin WJ. 1925b. A new species of Poecilonota from California Coleoptera Family Buprestidae. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 1: 186–187.
- Chamberlin WJ. 1926. Catalogue of the Buprestidae of North America north of Mexico. W.J. Chamberlin; Corvallis, Oregon. 289 p
- Cobos A. 1958. Ensayo monográfico sobre las Anthaxia Eschs. (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) de América. Segunda parte: Subgénero Haplanthaxia Reitter y Anthaxia s. str. Archivos de Instituto del Aclimatación 7: 69–126.
- Crawford R. 2025. Melville Harrison Hatch. The Pacific Northwest’s greatest coleopterist: 1898-1988. (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Ecdysis. 2025. Ecdysis. A portal for live-data arthropod collections. Available at https://ecdysis.org/ (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Evans D. 1957. Revision of the genus Poecilonota of America North of Mexico (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 50: 21–37.
- Fisher WS. 1928. A revision of the North American species of buprestid beetles belonging to the genus Agrilus. United States National Museum Bulletin 145: 1–347.
- Fisher WS. 1930. A new species of Chrysobothris infesting strawberry plants. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 32: 149–152.
- Fisher WS. 1942. A revision of the North American species of buprestid beetles belonging to the tribe Chrysobothrini. United States Department of Agriculture, Miscellaneous Publications. No. 470: 1–275.
- Frost CA. 1922. Occurrence of Agrilus coeruleus Rossi in America. The Canadian Entomologist 54: 96.
- Furniss RL, Carolin VM. 1977. Western Forest Insects. United States Department of Agriculture. Forest Service. Miscellaneous Publication 1339: 1–654.
- Furniss MM, Barr WF. 1967. Bionomics of Anacamptodes clivinaria profanata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) on mountain mahogany in Idaho. Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station Research. Bulletin 73. 24 p
- GBIF. 2025. GBIF. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Available at https://www.gbif.org/ (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Google. 2025. Google Earth. Available at https://earth.google.com/web/ (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Horning DS, Barr WF. 1970. Insects of Craters of the Moon National Monument, Idaho. University of Idaho, College of Agriculture. Miscellaneous Series 8: 118.
- iNaturalist. 2025. A Community for Naturalists · iNaturalist. Available at https://www.inaturalist.org (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Jendek E, Poláková J. 2014. Host plants of World Agrilus (Coleoptera, Buprestidae). A critical review. Springer. 769 p
- Keen FP. 1938. Insect enemies of western forests. United States Department of Agriculture. Miscellaneous Publication 273. 210 p
- Keen FP. 1952. Insect enemies of western forests. United States Department of Agriculture. Miscellaneous Publication 273 (revised edition). 280 p
- Lang RF, Richard RD, Parker PE, Wendel L. 2000. Release and establishment of diffuse and spotted knapweed biocontrol agents by USDA, APHIS, PPQW, in the United States. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 76: 197–218.
- LeConte JL. 1878. The Coleoptera of the alpine regions of the Rocky Mountains. Bulletin of the United States Department of Geological and Geographical Survey 4: 447–480.
- MacRae TC. 2006. Distributional and biological notes on North American Buprestidae (Coleoptera), with comments on variation in Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) cyanella Gory and A. (H.) viridifrons Gory. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 82: 166–199.
- MacRae TC, Basham JP. 2024. Further distributional and biological notes on Buprestidae (Coleoptera) in Canada and the United States, with exclusion of two species previously reported in North America. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 100: 217–245.
- MacRae TC, Nelson GH. 2003. Distributional and biological notes on Buprestidae (Coleoptera) in North and Central America and the West Indies, with validation of one species. The Coleopterists Bulletin 57: 57–70.
- MacRae TC, Westcott RL. 2012. Nomenclatural history of Melanophila drummondi ab. nicolayi Obenberger, 1944 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), a change of authorship and synonymy under Phaenops drummondi (Kirby 1837), and a new distribution record and summary of larval hosts for the species. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 88: 87–91.
- Maier CA, Ivie MA. 2013. Reevaluation of Chalcophora angulicollis (LeConte) and Chalcophora virginiensis (Drury) with a review and key to the North American species of Chalcophora Dejean (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 47: 457–469.
- Nelson GH. 1963. A new species in the genus Dicerca (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 17: 65–69.
- Nelson GH. 1987. Additional notes on the biology and distribution of Buprestidae in North America, II. The Coleopterists Bulletin 41: 57–65.
- Nelson GH, Verity DS, Westcott RL. 1981. Additional notes on the biology and distribution of Buprestidae (Coleoptera) of North America. The Coleopterists Bulletin 35: 129–151.
- Haines RD, Bellamy CL. 2008. A catalog and bibliography of the Buprestoidea of America North of Mexico. The Coleopterists Society, Special Publication No. 4; Potomac, Maryland. 274 p
- Nelson GH, Westcott RL. 1976. Notes on the distribution, synonymy, and biology of Buprestidae (Coleoptera) of North America. The Coleopterists Bulletin 30: 273–284.
- Nicolay AS, Weiss HB. 1918. A review of the genus Buprestis in North America. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 26: 75–109.
- PNW Herbaria. 2025. Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria. Quercus gambelii records.: 75–109. Available at https://www.pnwherbaria.org/m/datasets/vascular-plants/pages/fagaceae/quercus-gambelii.htm (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Powell JA. 1965. Rearing records for five conifer feeding buprestids in California (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). The Pan-Pacific Entomologist 41: 133–138.
- QGIS Development team. 2025. QGIS Geographic Information System. Open Source Geospatial Foundation Project. Available at http://qgis.osgeo.org (Last accessed March 2025)
- Rudolph EA, Wiman NG. 2023. Insights from specimen data for two economic Chrysobothris species (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in the western United States. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 116: 195–206.
- Ruzzier E, Haack RA, Curletti G, Roques A, Volkovitsh MG, Battisti A. 2024. Jewels on the go: exotic buprestids around the world (Coleoptera, Buprestidae). NeoBiota 84: 107–135.
- Scan-bugs. 2025. SCAN. Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network. Available at https://scan-bugs.org/ (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Smith DN. 1962. Prolonged larval development in Buprestis aurulenta L. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). A review with new cases. The Canadian Entomologist 94: 586–593.
- Solomon JD. 1995. Guide to insect borers of North American broadleaf trees and shrubs. Agriculture Handbook 706, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; Washington, D.C. 735 p
- VanDyk J. 2025. BugGuide.Net: Identification, images, and information for insects, spiders and their kin for the United States and Canada. Iowa State University. Available at https://bugguide.net/ (Last accessed March 2025.)
- Wellso SG. 2014. A new species of Agrilus and a new subspecies of Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) caseyi Obenberger from Texas, with new larval host, country and state records for other species (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Giornale Italiano di Entomologia 59: 447–454.
- Wellso SG, Manley GV. 2007. A revision of the Chrysobothris femorata (Olivier, 1790) species group from North America, north of Mexico (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Zootaxa 1652: 1–26.
- Westcott RL. 1990. Notes on taxonomy, ecology and distribution for some species of Chrysobothris Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) occurring in the United States (including Hawaii) and Canada. The Coleopterist Bulletin 44: 323–343.
- Westcott RL. 1995. Frank M. Beer (1903–1991). The Coleopterists Bulletin 49: 96–97.
- Westcott RL. 2005. A new species of Chrysobothris Eschscholtz from Oregon and Washington, with notes on other Buprestidae (Coleoptera) occurring in the United States and Canada. Zootaxa 1044: 1–15.
- Westcott RL. 2007. A new species of Chrysobothris Eschscholtz feeding on Dudleya spp. (Crassulaceae) from California and Baja California, with biological, distributional and taxonomic notes on other North American Buprestidae (Coleoptera). Zootaxa 1630: 23–37.
- Westcott RL, LaRue DA. 2017. New anthophilous host associations for adult Acmaeodera Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) species from the western United States and Texas. Insecta Mundi 564: 1–8.
- Westcott RL. 2023. New host and distribution records plus additional notes for North American species of Chrysobothris Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), with designation of a lectotype for Chrysobothris vulcanica LeConte, 1861. Insecta Mundi 967: 1–10.
- Westcott RL. 2024. New state records of Buprestidae (Coleoptera) for Idaho, USA. Insecta Mundi 1029: 1–3.
- Westcott RL, Adams TB. 2022. First records for Agrilus difficilis Gory, 1841 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in four of the Western United States. The Pan-pacific Entomologist 98: 169–171.
- Westcott RL, Barr WF. 2007. Resurrection and review of the genus Knowltonia Fisher, with description of a new subspecies of Chrysobothris Eschscholtz and new species of Acmaeodera Eschscholtz from North America (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Zootaxa 1481: 49–58.
- Westcott RL, Barr WF, Nelson GH, Verity DS. 1979. Distributional and biological notes on North and Central American species of Acmaeodera (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). The Coleopterists Bulletin 33: 169–181.
- Westcott RL, Biggam RC, Bílý S, Clark WM, Horning DS, Johnson JB, Morel RE, Nowierski R, Rifkind J, Roberts D, Roberts J, Volkovitsh MG. 2014. In memory of William Frederick Barr (1920–2011). Giornale Italiano Di Entomologia 13: 381–400.
- Westcott RL, La Rue DA. 2017. New anthophilous host associations for adult Acmaeodera Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) species from the western United States and Texas. Insecta Mundi 0564: 1–8.
- Westcott RL, Leblanc L. 2025. New state and adult host records for species of Anthaxia DeGeer and Melanophila Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in the Western United States. Insecta Mundi 1029: 1–3.
- Westcott RL, Looney C, Asche M. 2015. Agrilus cuprescens (Ménétries) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), the rose stem girdler, discovered in the state of Washington, with comments on host plant associations. The Coleopterist Bulletin 69: 275–279.
- Westcott RL, Merickel FW. 2012. In Memoriam. William Frederick Barr (1920–2011). The Coleopterists Bulletin 66: 100-104.
- Westcott RL, Williams W, Grotta A. 2019. The exotic Agrilus cyanescens (Ratzeburg) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) is discovered in Oregon. Insecta Mundi 724: 1–5.
- World Flora Online. 2025. The World Flora Online. An Online Flora of All Known Plants. Available at https://worldfloraonline.org/ (Last accessed March 2025.)
Publication
Published